Steam-boiler



(N0 Mo'dei.) 2 Sheets-Sheet 1.

J. J. TONKI'N.-'

STEAM BOILER. No. 601216. Patented Mar. 2231898;

WITNESSES 2 Sheefis--S heet 2.

A TTORNE y.

J. J; TONKIN.

STEAM BOILER.

Patehted Mar. 22, 1898.

(No Model.)

' WITNESSES:

'UNITED STATES PATENT OFFIcE.

JOHN ZIAY TONKIN, OF OSWEGO, NEW YORK, ASSIGNOR TO JOHN EATON,

OF PITTSBURG, PENNSYLVANIA.

STEAM-BOILER.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 601,216, dated March22, 1898.

Application filed February 23, 1897. Serial No. 624,642. (No model.) I

To whom it may concern.-

.Be it known that I, J OHN' JAY TONKIN, a citizen of the United States,residing at Oswego, in'the county of Oswego, State of New York, haveinvented certain new and useful Improvements in Steam-Boilers; and Ihereby declare the following to be a full, clear, and exact descriptionof the same, reference being had to the accompanying drawings,in whichFigure 1 is a longitudinal central section of a steam-boiler embodyingmy invention. Fig. 2 is a vertical transverse section of the boiler andfire-chamber on the dotted line 2 2, Fig. 1. Fig. 3 is a horizontalsection of the firebox and water-legs of the boiler on the line 3 3,Fig. 1. Fig. 4 is an enlarged detail sectional view of a portion of thefire-chamber and deflecting-partition, illustratingv the preferredv formand arrangement of the fire-brick which constitute thedeflecting-partition of the fire-chamber. Fig. 5 is a longitudinalcentral section of a steam-boiler embodying my invention, showing amodified arrangement of the deflecting-partitions; and Figs. 6 and 7 arevertical sectional views takenon the dotted lines 6 6 and 7 7, Fig. 5,showing,

respectively, the anterior and posterior or bridge and pendentdeflecting-partitions.

Like symbols refer to like parts wherever they occur.

My invention relates to that class of steamboilers having an includedcombustion-chamber and commonly known as internallyfired boilers, andhas for its object the production of a simple and efficient steam-boilerof the portable locomotive pattern.

One feature of my .invention, generally stated, involves thecombination, in an includedcombustion-chamber boiler, of an outer shell,an inner shell, water-tubes which cross the included combustion-chamberand connect the heads of the inner shell, a deflecting-partitionarranged in'the included combustion-chamber and composed of a series oftiles or bricks whose cross-sectional area substantially correspondswith the space included by a group of the water-tubes, and hand-holesarranged in the outer shell in line with the water-tubes which traversethe included combustion-chamber, whereby the water-tubes may be removedand repaired without displacing the deflecting-partition of the includedcombustion-chamber.

A further feature of my invention embraces the combination,with thewater-legs and blowoff, of an inclined perforate plate or platesarranged in the water-legs of a steam-boiler and forming a mud-chambertherein for facilitating the blowing off of the mud and sediment.

There are other minor features of invention, all as will hereinaftermore fully appear.

I I will now proceed to describe my invention more fully, so that othersskilled in the art to which it appertains mayapply the same.

In the drawings, 1 indicates the main shell of a steam-boiler,preferably of general cylindrical form, as well as sufficientlyelongated to accommodate an internal combustion-cham her withoutmaterially reducing the waterspace of a boiler of given horse-power,said shell being extended down, as at l, at the fire-box end andprovided with an exit-flue at the fire-box end of the shell.

2 indicates an included shell of the same general form as the mainshell, but of less dimensions, the shell 2 having downward eX- tensions2 which, in conjunction with the extensions 1" of main shell 1,constitute continuous water-legs, which inclose and form the fire-box F,which fire-box is coextensive with the forward end of inner shell 2 andwith which it has an unobstructed communication,

and said inner shell has its exit-flue in like position or to registerwith the exit-flue of outer shell 1.

The major portion of the inner shell 2 back of the fire-box F and whichconstitutes the combustion-chamber C is preferably corrugated, asindicated at 2", as thereby the shell is materially stiffened and thewater-surface proportionately increased.

The heads 2 2 of the included shell 2 are connected by a series ofwater-tubes 3, which not only brace the inner heads and afford supportfor the deflecting-partitions of combus tion-chamber 0, but alsoincrease the watersurface and facilitate the circulation; In the outershell 1 and in line with said tubes 3 at both ends are a series ofhand-holes 3 whereby the said water-tubes a may be readily cleaned ofscale or other deposit and removed for repair when necessary.

1 indicates a series of hollow stay-bolts, which connect and brace thecorresponding heads of the outer or main shell 1 and the included (orcoinbustion-chainber) shell 2, and said hollow staybolts are so placedbetween the water-tubes 3 as to allow of the introduction of steam-jets(or equivalent means) into the combustion-cha1nber for cleaning theexposed or outer surfaces of the water-tubes E indicates the exitiiue,which leads from the internal combustion-chamber O to a suitablesmoke-stack, and the location of said exit-flue will depend upon whetherlongitudinal or transverse deflecting-partitions are employed in theincluded combustion-chamber to prolong the travel of the products ofcombustion after the same leave the fire-box F. For many reasons Iprefer to employ a longitudinal transverse partition et, (see Fig. 1,)

which at the front is interposed between the fire-box F and thecrown-sheet, thus preventing the overheating of the crown-sheet, andwhich extends backward, terminating at such point within the shell 2 aswill leave a suitable throat for the passage of the products ofcombustion into the space (or return-flue) above said partition 4. \Vithsuch an arrangement of the deflecting-partition, the exit-flue E shouldbe at the same end of the boiler as the fire-box. If, however, adifferent construction is desired, the deflecting-partitions may takethe form of a bridge-wall 4 and pendent wall l (see Figs. 5, 6, and 7,)in which case the exit-flue E will be at the end of shell 2 distant fromthe fire-box F. However the deflecting-partitions of thecombustion-chamber C may be placed, I prefer to construct them of aseries of separate firebrick 5, the cross section of which correspondsto the space included between a group of the water-tubes or between agroup of the water-tubes and the shell 2, and with a plurality oftube-seats 5 so arranged and disposed that the bricks constituting thepartition will be supported and held in position by the water-tubes 3,while at the same time individual water-tubes may be withdrawn from timeto time and replaced or renewed without displacing the fire-bricksconstituting the flame-deflecting partition.

In the water-leg of a steam-boiler and in the presentinstance betweenthe pendent portions 1 2 of the shells l and 2, or that portion whichincloses the fire-box F, I arrange one or more inclined perforatedplates 6 (see Figs. 1, 2, and 3) at such distance from the bot tom ofthe water-leg as will form a mud-chamber 7, with which the blow-off cock8 communicates, and so arrange that the total area of the perforationsin the inclined plate 6 shall be less than the area of the blow-off cock8, whereby the pressure in chamber 7 is reduced when the blow-off cockis opened, thus facilitatiu g the discharge of the mud and sediment fromthe water-leg above the inclined perforated plate (3.

In the case of a rectangular water-leg of the character constituting thelire box of the steam-boiler I prefer to employ a series of fourseparate plates, (see Fig. 25,) the communica tion between the chambersformed thereby being closed and each chamber provided with its ownblow-off cock, so that no angles or obstruetions to the free flow of thesediment will be formed to interfere with the thorough efficiency of thedevices.

Ilaving constructed a steam-boiler substantially as hereinbefore pointedout, I prefer to set the same time at such an inclination say an inch tothe footas will insure that the distant ends of the water-tubes 3, orthose farthest from the fire-chamber F, and those located beneath thehorizontal deflecting-partition 4 shall at all times be below the waterlevel, even when the water is low in the boiler. The water-tubes whichare above the parti tion 4: or next the crown-sheet over the fire box,being protected from the direct flames of the lire and subject only tothe practically spent products, will be preserved by the interposedfire-brick deflecting-partition 4 from injury in case the boiler-watershould fall nearly or quite to the level of the partition at the frontthereof.

In setting a boiler embodying my invention only a sufficient brickworkis required at the front to afford a foundation and constitute anash-chamber beneath the gratebars, so that little heat is lost in thatdirection, while a short pier at the rear and a sad dle and rollers willaccommodate any expansion and contraction of the boiler.

Among the advantages incident to a steamboiler constructed in accordancewith my invention is that the fire and combustion chambers are entirelywithin the boiler, so that all heat generated must pass by absorption tothe boiler-water, and none can be lost by radiation other than that dueto radiation from the boiler-water, and this can be reduced to a minimumby the use of an asbestos or other suitable boiler-covering, there beingno brickwork to obstruct the jacketing of the boiler, to absorb andradiate heat, or to crack and admit air-drafts to thecoinbustion-chamber.

A further advantage of my invention consists in the ability to remove,repair, and replace the water-tubes without disturbing thedeflecting-partition of the combustion-chainber.

Having thus described my invention, what I claim, and desire to secureby Letters Patent, is-

1. In a steam-boiler, the combination with an outer shell having adownward extension and an exit-flue located above the same, of an innershell of like form, said inner shell constituting an includedfire-chamber and combustion-chainber, a series of water-tubes whichtraverse the combustion-chamber and connect the heads of the innershell, a horizontal rearwardly-extending deflecting-partition composedof a series of brick or tile whose cross-sectional area correspondssubstantially with the space included by a group of Watertubes, andhand-holes in the outer shell and in line with the Water-tubes,substantially as and for the purposes specified.

2. In a steam-boiler, the combination With a water-leg, of an inclinedperforate plate arranged to form a mudchamber in said waterleg, andabloW-off cock beneath the plate, substantially as and for the purposesspecified;

3. In a steam-boiler the combination with February, 1897.

l JOHN JAY TONKIN.

Witnesses:

EDWARD FRANKLYN COLE, JOHN EATON.

Correction in Letters Patent No 601,216;

It is hereby certified that in Letters Patent No. 601,216, granted March22, 1898, upon the application of John Jay Tonkin, of Oswego, New York,for an improvement in Steam-Boilers, an error appears in the printedspecification requiring correction,

as follows: In line 82, page 2, the word time should be stricken out;and that the said Letters Patent should be read with this correctiontherein that the same may conform to the record of the case in thePatent Office.

Signed, countersigned, and sealed this 29th day of March, A. D., 1898.

[SEAL] WEBSTER DAVIS, I Assistant Secretary of the Interior.Oountersigned:

O. H. DUELL,

Commissioner of Patents.

